Why is it that in Russia in 1917 the bourgeois-democratic February
Revolution was directly linked with the proletarian socialist October
Revolution, while in France the bourgeois revolution was not directly linked
with a socialist revolution and the Paris Commune of 1871 ended in failure? Why
is it, on the other hand, that the nomadic system of Mongolia and Central Asia
has been directly linked with socialism? Why is it that the Chinese revolution
can avoid a capitalist future and be directly linked with socialism without
taking the old historical road of the Western countries, without passing
through a period of bourgeois dictatorship? The sole reason is the concrete
conditions of the time. When certain necessary conditions are present, certain
contradictions arise in the process of development of things and, moreover, the
opposites contained in them are interdependent and become transformed into one
another; otherwise none of this would be possible.
Such is the problem of identity. What then is struggle? And what
is the relation between identity and struggle?
Lenin said:
The unity (coincidence,
identity, equal action) of opposites is conditional, temporary, transitory,
relative. The struggle of mutually exclusive opposites is absolute, just as
development and motion are absolute. [22]
What does this passage mean?
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