NOTES
1. The Northern China Incident took place in 1935 when the
Japanese carried on aggression against northern China and the Kuomintang
government headed by Chiang Kai-shek betrayed our sovereignty and humiliated
our nation. In May of that year, the Japanese demanded that the Kuomintang
government grant them administrative authority over northern China, and in June
Ho Ying-chin the Kuomintang government's representative there, submitted and
signed an agreement with Yoshijiro Umezu, commander of the invading forces in
northern China which became known as the "Ho-Umezu Agreement". By its
terms China forfeited much of her sovereignty in the provinces of Hopei and
Chahar. In October at the instigation of the Japanese invaders, some Chinese
traitors staged a revolt in Hsiangho, Hopei Province, and seized the county town.
In November, a number of Chinese traitors were put up by the Japanese invaders
to start a self-styled movement of autonomy in the five provinces of northern
China, and a puppet "Anti-Communist Autonomous Administration" was
established in eastern Hopei To meet the Japanese demand for "special
administration for northern China" the Kuomintang government appointed
Sung Cheh-yuan and others to form a "Political Council for Hopei and
Chahar".
1. The Northern China Incident took place in 1935 when the
Japanese carried on aggression against northern China and the Kuomintang
government headed by Chiang Kai-shek betrayed our sovereignty and humiliated
our nation. In May of that year, the Japanese demanded that the Kuomintang
government grant them administrative authority over northern China, and in June
Ho Ying-chin the Kuomintang government's representative there, submitted and
signed an agreement with Yoshijiro Umezu, commander of the invading forces in
northern China which became known as the "Ho-Umezu Agreement". By its
terms China forfeited much of her sovereignty in the provinces of Hopei and
Chahar. In October at the instigation of the Japanese invaders, some Chinese
traitors staged a revolt in Hsiangho, Hopei Province, and seized the county town.
In November, a number of Chinese traitors were put up by the Japanese invaders
to start a self-styled movement of autonomy in the five provinces of northern
China, and a puppet "Anti-Communist Autonomous Administration" was
established in eastern Hopei To meet the Japanese demand for "special
administration for northern China" the Kuomintang government appointed
Sung Cheh-yuan and others to form a "Political Council for Hopei and
Chahar".
2. This declaration was issued by the Chinese
Communist Party on August 1, 1935. Its main points are contained in the
following extracts
"At this moment
when our country and our people are threatened with imminent destruction, the
Communist Party once again appeals to all fellow countrymen: whatever the past
or present differences of political opinion and of interests among the
political parties, whatever the differences of view and of interests among our
countrymen in their various walks of life, whatever the past or present
hostilities between the various armies, we should truly awaken to the
realization that 'brothers quarreling at home, join forces against attacks from
without' and, first and foremost, we should stop the civil war so as to
concentrate the nation's resources (manpower, material and financial resources,
and the armed forces) on the fight for the sacred cause of resisting Japan and
saving the nation. Once again the Communist Party solemnly declares if the
Kuomintang troops cease their attacks on the Red Army and if any units carry
out resistance to Japan, then the Red Army, regardless of any old feuds or
present conflicts or differences on domestic issues, will not only immediately
cease its hostile actions against these units, but willingly work closely with
them to save the nation."
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