1. Alcohol

1. Alcohol

Alcohol is the most commonly used drug in Australia. Alcohol is a depressant drug that slows brain
activity responses and impairs co-ordination.
The effects of alcohol vary according to:
• gender;
• body size and weight;
• state of health;
• development of tolerance and dependence;
• the amount and strength of alcohol and the way it is consumed;
• the presence of food in the stomach when drinking;
• environmental and psychological factors; and
• whether alcohol is used with other drugs or substances.
Alcohol consumption may impair work performance. 'Hangovers' from alcohol may also decrease
work performance, increase hazards or increase time off work. That is, somebody may be
impaired, even with a zero blood alcohol level.
A raised blood alcohol level while at work may increase the likelihood of incidents. Alcohol
consumption can lead to:
• delayed reaction time;
• impaired coordination, memory and other cognitive functions; and
• decreased ability to concentrate and communicate.
In some cases, alcohol consumption may lead to an increased likelihood of violent or aggressive
behaviour.
Regular heavy consumption of alcohol can lead to a range of psychological, social and medical
problems, and is associated with poor work performance and attendance. Alcohol dependence is
also likely to lead to deterioration of skills and interpersonal difficulties.